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+<a name="Modern-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API"></a>
+<div class="header">
+<p>
+Next: <a href="Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="n" rel="next">Traditional GNU Objective-C runtime API</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU Objective-C runtime API</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Indices.html#Indices" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+</div>
+<hr>
+<a name="Modern-GNU-Objective_002dC-Runtime-API"></a>
+<h4 class="subsection">8.1.1 Modern GNU Objective-C Runtime API</h4>
+
+<p>The GNU Objective-C runtime provides an API which is similar to the
+one provided by the &ldquo;Objective-C 2.0&rdquo; Apple/NeXT Objective-C
+runtime. The API is documented in the public header files of the GNU
+Objective-C runtime:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li> <samp>objc/objc.h</samp>: this is the basic Objective-C header file,
+defining the basic Objective-C types such as <code>id</code>, <code>Class</code>
+and <code>BOOL</code>. You have to include this header to do almost
+anything with Objective-C.
+
+</li><li> <samp>objc/runtime.h</samp>: this header declares most of the public runtime
+API functions allowing you to inspect and manipulate the Objective-C
+runtime data structures. These functions are fairly standardized
+across Objective-C runtimes and are almost identical to the Apple/NeXT
+Objective-C runtime ones. It does not declare functions in some
+specialized areas (constructing and forwarding message invocations,
+threading) which are in the other headers below. You have to include
+<samp>objc/objc.h</samp> and <samp>objc/runtime.h</samp> to use any of the
+functions, such as <code>class_getName()</code>, declared in
+<samp>objc/runtime.h</samp>.
+
+</li><li> <samp>objc/message.h</samp>: this header declares public functions used to
+construct, deconstruct and forward message invocations. Because
+messaging is done in quite a different way on different runtimes,
+functions in this header are specific to the GNU Objective-C runtime
+implementation.
+
+</li><li> <samp>objc/objc-exception.h</samp>: this header declares some public
+functions related to Objective-C exceptions. For example functions in
+this header allow you to throw an Objective-C exception from plain
+C/C++ code.
+
+</li><li> <samp>objc/objc-sync.h</samp>: this header declares some public functions
+related to the Objective-C <code>@synchronized()</code> syntax, allowing
+you to emulate an Objective-C <code>@synchronized()</code> block in plain
+C/C++ code.
+
+</li><li> <samp>objc/thr.h</samp>: this header declares a public runtime API threading
+layer that is only provided by the GNU Objective-C runtime. It
+declares functions such as <code>objc_mutex_lock()</code>, which provide a
+platform-independent set of threading functions.
+
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>The header files contain detailed documentation for each function in
+the GNU Objective-C runtime API.
+</p>
+<hr>
+<div class="header">
+<p>
+Next: <a href="Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#Traditional-GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="n" rel="next">Traditional GNU Objective-C runtime API</a>, Up: <a href="GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API.html#GNU-Objective_002dC-runtime-API" accesskey="u" rel="up">GNU Objective-C runtime API</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Indices.html#Indices" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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+
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