Merge changes I1250730c,I7d00848c

* changes:
  Create a wrapper for IpClient
  Move IpClient to NetworkStack

1 files changed, 1802 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tests/src/android/net/apf/ApfTest.java b/tests/src/android/net/apf/ApfTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f76e412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/android/net/apf/ApfTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1802 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.apf;
+
+import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_UNIX;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ARPHRD_ETHER;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_ARP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_STREAM;
+
+import static com.android.internal.util.BitUtils.bytesToBEInt;
+import static com.android.server.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST_TYPE;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.LinkAddress;
+import android.net.LinkProperties;
+import android.net.apf.ApfFilter.ApfConfiguration;
+import android.net.apf.ApfGenerator.IllegalInstructionException;
+import android.net.apf.ApfGenerator.Register;
+import android.net.ip.IIpClientCallbacks;
+import android.net.ip.IpClient;
+import android.net.ip.IpClient.IpClientCallbacksWrapper;
+import android.net.ip.IpClientCallbacks;
+import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
+import android.net.metrics.RaEvent;
+import android.net.util.InterfaceParams;
+import android.net.util.SharedLog;
+import android.os.ConditionVariable;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.system.Os;
+import android.text.format.DateUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.server.networkstack.tests.R;
+import com.android.server.util.NetworkStackConstants;
+
+import libcore.io.IoUtils;
+import libcore.io.Streams;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for APF program generator and interpreter.
+ *
+ * Build, install and run with:
+ *  runtest frameworks-net -c android.net.apf.ApfTest
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@SmallTest
+public class ApfTest {
+    private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
+    private static final int MIN_APF_VERSION = 2;
+
+    @Mock IpConnectivityLog mLog;
+    @Mock Context mContext;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        // Load up native shared library containing APF interpreter exposed via JNI.
+        System.loadLibrary("networkstacktestsjni");
+    }
+
+    private static final String TAG = "ApfTest";
+    // Expected return codes from APF interpreter.
+    private static final int PASS = 1;
+    private static final int DROP = 0;
+    // Interpreter will just accept packets without link layer headers, so pad fake packet to at
+    // least the minimum packet size.
+    private static final int MIN_PKT_SIZE = 15;
+
+    private static final ApfCapabilities MOCK_APF_CAPABILITIES =
+      new ApfCapabilities(2, 1700, ARPHRD_ETHER);
+
+    private static final boolean DROP_MULTICAST = true;
+    private static final boolean ALLOW_MULTICAST = false;
+
+    private static final boolean DROP_802_3_FRAMES = true;
+    private static final boolean ALLOW_802_3_FRAMES = false;
+
+    // Constants for opcode encoding
+    private static final byte LI_OP   = (byte)(13 << 3);
+    private static final byte LDDW_OP = (byte)(22 << 3);
+    private static final byte STDW_OP = (byte)(23 << 3);
+    private static final byte SIZE0   = (byte)(0 << 1);
+    private static final byte SIZE8   = (byte)(1 << 1);
+    private static final byte SIZE16  = (byte)(2 << 1);
+    private static final byte SIZE32  = (byte)(3 << 1);
+    private static final byte R1 = 1;
+
+    private static ApfConfiguration getDefaultConfig() {
+        ApfFilter.ApfConfiguration config = new ApfConfiguration();
+        config.apfCapabilities = MOCK_APF_CAPABILITIES;
+        config.multicastFilter = ALLOW_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = ALLOW_802_3_FRAMES;
+        config.ethTypeBlackList = new int[0];
+        return config;
+    }
+
+    private static String label(int code) {
+        switch (code) {
+            case PASS: return "PASS";
+            case DROP: return "DROP";
+            default:   return "UNKNOWN";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void assertReturnCodesEqual(int expected, int got) {
+        assertEquals(label(expected), label(got));
+    }
+
+    private void assertVerdict(int expected, byte[] program, byte[] packet, int filterAge) {
+        assertReturnCodesEqual(expected, apfSimulate(program, packet, null, filterAge));
+    }
+
+    private void assertVerdict(int expected, byte[] program, byte[] packet) {
+        assertReturnCodesEqual(expected, apfSimulate(program, packet, null, 0));
+    }
+
+    private void assertPass(byte[] program, byte[] packet, int filterAge) {
+        assertVerdict(PASS, program, packet, filterAge);
+    }
+
+    private void assertPass(byte[] program, byte[] packet) {
+        assertVerdict(PASS, program, packet);
+    }
+
+    private void assertDrop(byte[] program, byte[] packet, int filterAge) {
+        assertVerdict(DROP, program, packet, filterAge);
+    }
+
+    private void assertDrop(byte[] program, byte[] packet) {
+        assertVerdict(DROP, program, packet);
+    }
+
+    private void assertProgramEquals(byte[] expected, byte[] program) throws AssertionError {
+        // assertArrayEquals() would only print one byte, making debugging difficult.
+        if (!java.util.Arrays.equals(expected, program)) {
+            throw new AssertionError(
+                    "\nexpected: " + HexDump.toHexString(expected) +
+                    "\nactual:   " + HexDump.toHexString(program));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void assertDataMemoryContents(
+            int expected, byte[] program, byte[] packet, byte[] data, byte[] expected_data)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        assertReturnCodesEqual(expected, apfSimulate(program, packet, data, 0 /* filterAge */));
+
+        // assertArrayEquals() would only print one byte, making debugging difficult.
+        if (!java.util.Arrays.equals(expected_data, data)) {
+            throw new Exception(
+                    "\nprogram:     " + HexDump.toHexString(program) +
+                    "\ndata memory: " + HexDump.toHexString(data) +
+                    "\nexpected:    " + HexDump.toHexString(expected_data));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void assertVerdict(int expected, ApfGenerator gen, byte[] packet, int filterAge)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        assertReturnCodesEqual(expected, apfSimulate(gen.generate(), packet, null,
+              filterAge));
+    }
+
+    private void assertPass(ApfGenerator gen, byte[] packet, int filterAge)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        assertVerdict(PASS, gen, packet, filterAge);
+    }
+
+    private void assertDrop(ApfGenerator gen, byte[] packet, int filterAge)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        assertVerdict(DROP, gen, packet, filterAge);
+    }
+
+    private void assertPass(ApfGenerator gen)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        assertVerdict(PASS, gen, new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE], 0);
+    }
+
+    private void assertDrop(ApfGenerator gen)
+            throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        assertVerdict(DROP, gen, new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE], 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test each instruction by generating a program containing the instruction,
+     * generating bytecode for that program and running it through the
+     * interpreter to verify it functions correctly.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfInstructions() throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        // Empty program should pass because having the program counter reach the
+        // location immediately after the program indicates the packet should be
+        // passed to the AP.
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        assertPass(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping to pass label.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJump(gen.PASS_LABEL);
+        byte[] program = gen.generate();
+        assertEquals(1, program.length);
+        assertEquals((14 << 3) | (0 << 1) | 0, program[0]);
+        assertPass(program, new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE], 0);
+
+        // Test jumping to drop label.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        program = gen.generate();
+        assertEquals(2, program.length);
+        assertEquals((14 << 3) | (1 << 1) | 0, program[0]);
+        assertEquals(1, program[1]);
+        assertDrop(program, new byte[15], 15);
+
+        // Test jumping if equal to 0.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if not equal to 0.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0NotEquals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0NotEquals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if registers equal.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0EqualsR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if registers not equal.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0NotEqualsR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0NotEqualsR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test load immediate.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test add.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addAdd(1234567890);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test subtract.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addAdd(-1234567890);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(-1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test or.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addOr(1234567890);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test and.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addAnd(123456789);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 & 123456789, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test left shift.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addLeftShift(1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 << 1, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test right shift.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addRightShift(1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 >> 1, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test multiply.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 123456789);
+        gen.addMul(2);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(123456789 * 2, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test divide.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addDiv(2);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 / 2, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test divide by zero.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addDiv(0);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+
+        // Test add.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1234567890);
+        gen.addAddR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test subtract.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, -1234567890);
+        gen.addAddR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(-1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test or.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1234567890);
+        gen.addOrR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test and.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 123456789);
+        gen.addAndR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 & 123456789, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test left shift.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addLeftShiftR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 << 1, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test right shift.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, -1);
+        gen.addLeftShiftR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 >> 1, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test multiply.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 123456789);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 2);
+        gen.addMulR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(123456789 * 2, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test divide.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 2);
+        gen.addDivR1();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890 / 2, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test divide by zero.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addDivR1();
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+
+        // Test byte load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoad8(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(45, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test out of bounds load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoad8(Register.R0, 16);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen, new byte[]{123,45,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test half-word load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoad16(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals((45 << 8) | 67, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,67,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test word load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoad32(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals((45 << 24) | (67 << 16) | (89 << 8) | 12, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,67,89,12,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test byte indexed load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addLoad8Indexed(Register.R0, 0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(45, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test out of bounds indexed load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 8);
+        gen.addLoad8Indexed(Register.R0, 8);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen, new byte[]{123,45,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test half-word indexed load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addLoad16Indexed(Register.R0, 0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals((45 << 8) | 67, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,67,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test word indexed load.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addLoad32Indexed(Register.R0, 0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals((45 << 24) | (67 << 16) | (89 << 8) | 12, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{123,45,67,89,12,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, 0);
+
+        // Test jumping if greater than.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0GreaterThan(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0GreaterThan(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if less than.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0LessThan(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0LessThan(1, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if any bits set.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSet(3, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSet(3, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 3);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSet(3, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if register greater than.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0GreaterThanR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 2);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0GreaterThanR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if register less than.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0LessThanR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0LessThanR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jumping if any bits set in register.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 3);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSetR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSetR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 3);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0AnyBitsSetR1(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test load from memory.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(Register.R0, 0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test store to memory.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1234567890);
+        gen.addStoreToMemory(Register.R1, 12);
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(Register.R0, 12);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test filter age pre-filled memory.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(Register.R0, gen.FILTER_AGE_MEMORY_SLOT);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE], 1234567890);
+
+        // Test packet size pre-filled memory.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(Register.R0, gen.PACKET_SIZE_MEMORY_SLOT);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(MIN_PKT_SIZE, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test IPv4 header size pre-filled memory.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(Register.R0, gen.IPV4_HEADER_SIZE_MEMORY_SLOT);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(20, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, new byte[]{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0x45}, 0);
+
+        // Test not.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addNot(Register.R0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(~1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test negate.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addNeg(Register.R0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(-1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test move.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1234567890);
+        gen.addMove(Register.R0);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addMove(Register.R1);
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test swap.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1234567890);
+        gen.addSwap();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(1234567890, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1234567890);
+        gen.addSwap();
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen);
+
+        // Test jump if bytes not equal.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesNotEqual(Register.R0, new byte[]{123}, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        program = gen.generate();
+        assertEquals(6, program.length);
+        assertEquals((13 << 3) | (1 << 1) | 0, program[0]);
+        assertEquals(1, program[1]);
+        assertEquals(((20 << 3) | (1 << 1) | 0) - 256, program[2]);
+        assertEquals(1, program[3]);
+        assertEquals(1, program[4]);
+        assertEquals(123, program[5]);
+        assertDrop(program, new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE], 0);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesNotEqual(Register.R0, new byte[]{123}, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        byte[] packet123 = {0,123,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+        assertPass(gen, packet123, 0);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesNotEqual(Register.R0, new byte[]{123}, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDrop(gen, packet123, 0);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesNotEqual(Register.R0, new byte[]{1,2,30,4,5}, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        byte[] packet12345 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+        assertDrop(gen, packet12345, 0);
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 1);
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesNotEqual(Register.R0, new byte[]{1,2,3,4,5}, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertPass(gen, packet12345, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = ApfGenerator.IllegalInstructionException.class)
+    public void testApfGeneratorWantsV2OrGreater() throws Exception {
+        // The minimum supported APF version is 2.
+        new ApfGenerator(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfDataOpcodesWantApfV3() throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(MIN_APF_VERSION);
+        try {
+            gen.addStoreData(Register.R0, 0);
+            fail();
+        } catch (IllegalInstructionException expected) {
+            /* pass */
+        }
+        try {
+            gen.addLoadData(Register.R0, 0);
+            fail();
+        } catch (IllegalInstructionException expected) {
+            /* pass */
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the generator emits immediates using the shortest possible encoding.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testImmediateEncoding() throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        ApfGenerator gen;
+
+        // 0-byte immediate: li R0, 0
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(4);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 0);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE0}, gen.generate());
+
+        // 1-byte immediate: li R0, 42
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(4);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 42);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE8, 42}, gen.generate());
+
+        // 2-byte immediate: li R1, 0x1234
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(4);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 0x1234);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE16 | R1, 0x12, 0x34}, gen.generate());
+
+        // 4-byte immediate: li R0, 0x12345678
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 0x12345678);
+        assertProgramEquals(
+                new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE32, 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78},
+                gen.generate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the generator emits negative immediates using the shortest possible encoding.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testNegativeImmediateEncoding() throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        ApfGenerator gen;
+
+        // 1-byte negative immediate: li R0, -42
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, -42);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE8, -42}, gen.generate());
+
+        // 2-byte negative immediate: li R1, -0x1122
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, -0x1122);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE16 | R1, (byte)0xEE, (byte)0xDE},
+                gen.generate());
+
+        // 4-byte negative immediate: li R0, -0x11223344
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, -0x11223344);
+        assertProgramEquals(
+                new byte[]{LI_OP | SIZE32, (byte)0xEE, (byte)0xDD, (byte)0xCC, (byte)0xBC},
+                gen.generate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the generator correctly emits positive and negative immediates for LDDW/STDW.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testLoadStoreDataEncoding() throws IllegalInstructionException {
+        ApfGenerator gen;
+
+        // Load data with no offset: lddw R0, [0 + r1]
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R0, 0);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{LDDW_OP | SIZE0}, gen.generate());
+
+        // Store data with 8bit negative offset: lddw r0, [-42 + r1]
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addStoreData(Register.R0, -42);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{STDW_OP | SIZE8, -42}, gen.generate());
+
+        // Store data to R1 with 16bit negative offset: stdw r1, [-0x1122 + r0]
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addStoreData(Register.R1, -0x1122);
+        assertProgramEquals(new byte[]{STDW_OP | SIZE16 | R1, (byte)0xEE, (byte)0xDE},
+                gen.generate());
+
+        // Load data to R1 with 32bit negative offset: lddw r1, [0xDEADBEEF + r0]
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, 0xDEADBEEF);
+        assertProgramEquals(
+                new byte[]{LDDW_OP | SIZE32 | R1, (byte)0xDE, (byte)0xAD, (byte)0xBE, (byte)0xEF},
+                gen.generate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the interpreter correctly executes STDW with a negative 8bit offset
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfDataWrite() throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        byte[] packet = new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE];
+        byte[] data = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15};
+        byte[] expected_data = data.clone();
+
+        // No memory access instructions: should leave the data segment untouched.
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // Expect value 0x87654321 to be stored starting from address -11 from the end of the
+        // data buffer, in big-endian order.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 0x87654321);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, -5);
+        gen.addStoreData(Register.R0, -6);  // -5 + -6 = -11 (offset +5 with data_len=16)
+        expected_data[5] = (byte)0x87;
+        expected_data[6] = (byte)0x65;
+        expected_data[7] = (byte)0x43;
+        expected_data[8] = (byte)0x21;
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the interpreter correctly executes LDDW with a negative 16bit offset
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfDataRead() throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        // Program that DROPs if address 10 (-6) contains 0x87654321.
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, 1000);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R0, -1006);  // 1000 + -1006 = -6 (offset +10 with data_len=16)
+        gen.addJumpIfR0Equals(0x87654321, gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        byte[] program = gen.generate();
+        byte[] packet = new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE];
+
+        // Content is incorrect (last byte does not match) -> PASS
+        byte[] data = new byte[16];
+        data[10] = (byte)0x87;
+        data[11] = (byte)0x65;
+        data[12] = (byte)0x43;
+        data[13] = (byte)0x00;  // != 0x21
+        byte[] expected_data = data.clone();
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, program, packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // Fix the last byte -> conditional jump taken -> DROP
+        data[13] = (byte)0x21;
+        expected_data = data;
+        assertDataMemoryContents(DROP, program, packet, data, expected_data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that the interpreter correctly executes LDDW followed by a STDW.
+     * To cover a few more edge cases, LDDW has a 0bit offset, while STDW has a positive 8bit
+     * offset.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfDataReadModifyWrite() throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R1, -22);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R0, 0);  // Load from address 32 -22 + 0 = 10
+        gen.addAdd(0x78453412);  // 87654321 + 78453412 = FFAA7733
+        gen.addStoreData(Register.R0, 4);  // Write back to address 32 -22 + 4 = 14
+
+        byte[] packet = new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE];
+        byte[] data = new byte[32];
+        data[10] = (byte)0x87;
+        data[11] = (byte)0x65;
+        data[12] = (byte)0x43;
+        data[13] = (byte)0x21;
+        byte[] expected_data = data.clone();
+        expected_data[14] = (byte)0xFF;
+        expected_data[15] = (byte)0xAA;
+        expected_data[16] = (byte)0x77;
+        expected_data[17] = (byte)0x33;
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfDataBoundChecking() throws IllegalInstructionException, Exception {
+        byte[] packet = new byte[MIN_PKT_SIZE];
+        byte[] data = new byte[32];
+        byte[] expected_data = data;
+
+        // Program that DROPs unconditionally. This is our the baseline.
+        ApfGenerator gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 3);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, 7);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDataMemoryContents(DROP, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // Same program as before, but this time we're trying to load past the end of the data.
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 20);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, 15);  // 20 + 15 > 32
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);  // Not reached.
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // Subtracting an immediate should work...
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 20);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, -4);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDataMemoryContents(DROP, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // ...and underflowing simply wraps around to the end of the buffer...
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 20);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, -30);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);
+        assertDataMemoryContents(DROP, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+
+        // ...but doesn't allow accesses before the start of the buffer
+        gen = new ApfGenerator(3);
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(Register.R0, 20);
+        gen.addLoadData(Register.R1, -1000);
+        gen.addJump(gen.DROP_LABEL);  // Not reached.
+        assertDataMemoryContents(PASS, gen.generate(), packet, data, expected_data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate some BPF programs, translate them to APF, then run APF and BPF programs
+     * over packet traces and verify both programs filter out the same packets.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfAgainstBpf() throws Exception {
+        String[] tcpdump_filters = new String[]{ "udp", "tcp", "icmp", "icmp6", "udp port 53",
+                "arp", "dst 239.255.255.250", "arp or tcp or udp port 53", "net 192.168.1.0/24",
+                "arp or icmp6 or portrange 53-54", "portrange 53-54 or portrange 100-50000",
+                "tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-ack|tcp-fin) != 0 and (ip[2:2] > 57 or icmp)" };
+        String pcap_filename = stageFile(R.raw.apf);
+        for (String tcpdump_filter : tcpdump_filters) {
+            byte[] apf_program = Bpf2Apf.convert(compileToBpf(tcpdump_filter));
+            assertTrue("Failed to match for filter: " + tcpdump_filter,
+                    compareBpfApf(tcpdump_filter, pcap_filename, apf_program));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate APF program, run pcap file though APF filter, then check all the packets in the file
+     * should be dropped.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterPcapFile() throws Exception {
+        final byte[] MOCK_PCAP_IPV4_ADDR = {(byte) 172, 16, 7, (byte) 151};
+        String pcapFilename = stageFile(R.raw.apfPcap);
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        LinkAddress link = new LinkAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(MOCK_PCAP_IPV4_ADDR), 16);
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.addLinkAddress(link);
+
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        ApfCapabilities MOCK_APF_PCAP_CAPABILITIES = new ApfCapabilities(4, 1700, ARPHRD_ETHER);
+        config.apfCapabilities = MOCK_APF_PCAP_CAPABILITIES;
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        apfFilter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        byte[] data = new byte[ApfFilter.Counter.totalSize()];
+        final boolean result;
+
+        result = dropsAllPackets(program, data, pcapFilename);
+        Log.i(TAG, "testApfFilterPcapFile(): Data counters: " + HexDump.toHexString(data, false));
+
+        assertTrue("Failed to drop all packets by filter. \nAPF counters:" +
+            HexDump.toHexString(data, false), result);
+    }
+
+    private class MockIpClientCallback extends IpClientCallbacksWrapper {
+        private final ConditionVariable mGotApfProgram = new ConditionVariable();
+        private byte[] mLastApfProgram;
+
+        MockIpClientCallback() {
+            super(mock(IIpClientCallbacks.class), mock(SharedLog.class));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void installPacketFilter(byte[] filter) {
+            mLastApfProgram = filter;
+            mGotApfProgram.open();
+        }
+
+        public void resetApfProgramWait() {
+            mGotApfProgram.close();
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getApfProgram() {
+            assertTrue(mGotApfProgram.block(TIMEOUT_MS));
+            return mLastApfProgram;
+        }
+
+        public void assertNoProgramUpdate() {
+            assertFalse(mGotApfProgram.block(TIMEOUT_MS));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class TestApfFilter extends ApfFilter {
+        public static final byte[] MOCK_MAC_ADDR = {1,2,3,4,5,6};
+
+        private FileDescriptor mWriteSocket;
+        private final long mFixedTimeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+
+        public TestApfFilter(Context context, ApfConfiguration config,
+                IpClientCallbacksWrapper ipClientCallback, IpConnectivityLog log) throws Exception {
+            super(context, config, InterfaceParams.getByName("lo"), ipClientCallback, log);
+        }
+
+        // Pretend an RA packet has been received and show it to ApfFilter.
+        public void pretendPacketReceived(byte[] packet) throws IOException, ErrnoException {
+            // ApfFilter's ReceiveThread will be waiting to read this.
+            Os.write(mWriteSocket, packet, 0, packet.length);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected long currentTimeSeconds() {
+            return mFixedTimeMs / DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        void maybeStartFilter() {
+            mHardwareAddress = MOCK_MAC_ADDR;
+            installNewProgramLocked();
+
+            // Create two sockets, "readSocket" and "mWriteSocket" and connect them together.
+            FileDescriptor readSocket = new FileDescriptor();
+            mWriteSocket = new FileDescriptor();
+            try {
+                Os.socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, mWriteSocket, readSocket);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                fail();
+                return;
+            }
+            // Now pass readSocket to ReceiveThread as if it was setup to read raw RAs.
+            // This allows us to pretend RA packets have been recieved via pretendPacketReceived().
+            mReceiveThread = new ReceiveThread(readSocket);
+            mReceiveThread.start();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void shutdown() {
+            super.shutdown();
+            IoUtils.closeQuietly(mWriteSocket);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final int ETH_HEADER_LEN = 14;
+    private static final int ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET = 0;
+    private static final int ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET = 12;
+    private static final byte[] ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS =
+            {(byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff };
+
+    private static final int IPV4_VERSION_IHL_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 0;
+    private static final int IPV4_PROTOCOL_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 9;
+    private static final int IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 16;
+    private static final byte[] IPV4_BROADCAST_ADDRESS =
+            {(byte) 255, (byte) 255, (byte) 255, (byte) 255};
+
+    private static final int IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 6;
+    private static final int IPV6_HEADER_LEN = 40;
+    private static final int IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 24;
+    // The IPv6 all nodes address ff02::1
+    private static final byte[] IPV6_ALL_NODES_ADDRESS =
+            { (byte) 0xff, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 };
+    private static final byte[] IPV6_ALL_ROUTERS_ADDRESS =
+            { (byte) 0xff, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 };
+
+    private static final int ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + IPV6_HEADER_LEN;
+    private static final int ICMP6_ROUTER_SOLICITATION = 133;
+    private static final int ICMP6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT = 134;
+    private static final int ICMP6_NEIGHBOR_SOLICITATION = 135;
+    private static final int ICMP6_NEIGHBOR_ANNOUNCEMENT = 136;
+
+    private static final int ICMP6_RA_HEADER_LEN = 16;
+    private static final int ICMP6_RA_ROUTER_LIFETIME_OFFSET =
+            ETH_HEADER_LEN + IPV6_HEADER_LEN + 6;
+    private static final int ICMP6_RA_CHECKSUM_OFFSET =
+            ETH_HEADER_LEN + IPV6_HEADER_LEN + 2;
+    private static final int ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET =
+            ETH_HEADER_LEN + IPV6_HEADER_LEN + ICMP6_RA_HEADER_LEN;
+
+    private static final int ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_TYPE = 3;
+    private static final int ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_LEN = 32;
+    private static final int ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_VALID_LIFETIME_OFFSET = 4;
+    private static final int ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_PREFERRED_LIFETIME_OFFSET = 8;
+
+    // From RFC6106: Recursive DNS Server option
+    private static final int ICMP6_RDNSS_OPTION_TYPE = 25;
+    // From RFC6106: DNS Search List option
+    private static final int ICMP6_DNSSL_OPTION_TYPE = 31;
+
+    // From RFC4191: Route Information option
+    private static final int ICMP6_ROUTE_INFO_OPTION_TYPE = 24;
+    // Above three options all have the same format:
+    private static final int ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN = 8;
+    private static final int ICMP6_4_BYTE_LIFETIME_OFFSET = 4;
+    private static final int ICMP6_4_BYTE_LIFETIME_LEN = 4;
+
+    private static final int UDP_HEADER_LEN = 8;
+    private static final int UDP_DESTINATION_PORT_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + 22;
+
+    private static final int DHCP_CLIENT_PORT = 68;
+    private static final int DHCP_CLIENT_MAC_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN + UDP_HEADER_LEN + 48;
+
+    private static final int ARP_HEADER_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN;
+    private static final byte[] ARP_IPV4_REQUEST_HEADER = {
+            0, 1, // Hardware type: Ethernet (1)
+            8, 0, // Protocol type: IP (0x0800)
+            6,    // Hardware size: 6
+            4,    // Protocol size: 4
+            0, 1  // Opcode: request (1)
+    };
+    private static final byte[] ARP_IPV4_REPLY_HEADER = {
+            0, 1, // Hardware type: Ethernet (1)
+            8, 0, // Protocol type: IP (0x0800)
+            6,    // Hardware size: 6
+            4,    // Protocol size: 4
+            0, 2  // Opcode: reply (2)
+    };
+    private static final int ARP_SOURCE_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET = ARP_HEADER_OFFSET + 14;
+    private static final int ARP_TARGET_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET = ARP_HEADER_OFFSET + 24;
+
+    private static final byte[] MOCK_IPV4_ADDR           = {10, 0, 0, 1};
+    private static final byte[] MOCK_BROADCAST_IPV4_ADDR = {10, 0, 31, (byte) 255}; // prefix = 19
+    private static final byte[] MOCK_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDR = {(byte) 224, 0, 0, 1};
+    private static final byte[] ANOTHER_IPV4_ADDR        = {10, 0, 0, 2};
+    private static final byte[] IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR         = {10, 0, 0, 3};
+    private static final byte[] ANOTHER_IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR = {(byte) 192, 0, 2, 1};
+    private static final byte[] BUG_PROBE_SOURCE_ADDR1   = {0, 0, 1, 2};
+    private static final byte[] BUG_PROBE_SOURCE_ADDR2   = {3, 4, 0, 0};
+    private static final byte[] IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR       = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+    // Helper to initialize a default apfFilter.
+    private ApfFilter setupApfFilter(
+            IpClientCallbacksWrapper ipClientCallback, ApfConfiguration config) throws Exception {
+        LinkAddress link = new LinkAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR), 19);
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.addLinkAddress(link);
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        apfFilter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+        return apfFilter;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterIPv4() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        LinkAddress link = new LinkAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR), 19);
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.addLinkAddress(link);
+
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        apfFilter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify empty packet of 100 zero bytes is passed
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify unicast IPv4 packet is passed
+        put(packet, ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, TestApfFilter.MOCK_MAC_ADDR);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, MOCK_IPV4_ADDR);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify L2 unicast to IPv4 broadcast addresses is dropped (b/30231088)
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, IPV4_BROADCAST_ADDRESS);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, MOCK_BROADCAST_IPV4_ADDR);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify multicast/broadcast IPv4, not DHCP to us, is dropped
+        put(packet, ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.put(IPV4_VERSION_IHL_OFFSET, (byte)0x45);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.put(IPV4_PROTOCOL_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_UDP);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.putShort(UDP_DESTINATION_PORT_OFFSET, (short)DHCP_CLIENT_PORT);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, MOCK_MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDR);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, MOCK_BROADCAST_IPV4_ADDR);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        put(packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, IPV4_BROADCAST_ADDRESS);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify broadcast IPv4 DHCP to us is passed
+        put(packet, DHCP_CLIENT_MAC_OFFSET, TestApfFilter.MOCK_MAC_ADDR);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify unicast IPv4 DHCP to us is passed
+        put(packet, ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, TestApfFilter.MOCK_MAC_ADDR);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterIPv6() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify empty IPv6 packet is passed
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty ICMPv6 packet is passed
+        packet.put(IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty ICMPv6 NA packet is passed
+        packet.put(ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET, (byte)ICMP6_NEIGHBOR_ANNOUNCEMENT);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify ICMPv6 NA to ff02::1 is dropped
+        put(packet, IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, IPV6_ALL_NODES_ADDRESS);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify ICMPv6 RS to any is dropped
+        packet.put(ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET, (byte)ICMP6_ROUTER_SOLICITATION);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        put(packet, IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, IPV6_ALL_ROUTERS_ADDRESS);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterMulticast() throws Exception {
+        final byte[] unicastIpv4Addr   = {(byte)192,0,2,63};
+        final byte[] broadcastIpv4Addr = {(byte)192,0,2,(byte)255};
+        final byte[] multicastIpv4Addr = {(byte)224,0,0,1};
+        final byte[] multicastIpv6Addr = {(byte)0xff,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,(byte)0xfb};
+
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        LinkAddress link = new LinkAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(unicastIpv4Addr), 24);
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.addLinkAddress(link);
+
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        apfFilter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Construct IPv4 and IPv6 multicast packets.
+        ByteBuffer mcastv4packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        mcastv4packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        put(mcastv4packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, multicastIpv4Addr);
+
+        ByteBuffer mcastv6packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        mcastv6packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        mcastv6packet.put(IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_UDP);
+        put(mcastv6packet, IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, multicastIpv6Addr);
+
+        // Construct IPv4 broadcast packet.
+        ByteBuffer bcastv4packet1 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        bcastv4packet1.put(ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        bcastv4packet1.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        put(bcastv4packet1, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, multicastIpv4Addr);
+
+        ByteBuffer bcastv4packet2 = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        bcastv4packet2.put(ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        bcastv4packet2.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        put(bcastv4packet2, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, IPV4_BROADCAST_ADDRESS);
+
+        // Construct IPv4 broadcast with L2 unicast address packet (b/30231088).
+        ByteBuffer bcastv4unicastl2packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        bcastv4unicastl2packet.put(TestApfFilter.MOCK_MAC_ADDR);
+        bcastv4unicastl2packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        put(bcastv4unicastl2packet, IPV4_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, broadcastIpv4Addr);
+
+        // Verify initially disabled multicast filter is off
+        assertPass(program, mcastv4packet.array());
+        assertPass(program, mcastv6packet.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4packet1.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4packet2.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4unicastl2packet.array());
+
+        // Turn on multicast filter and verify it works
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.setMulticastFilter(true);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        assertDrop(program, mcastv4packet.array());
+        assertDrop(program, mcastv6packet.array());
+        assertDrop(program, bcastv4packet1.array());
+        assertDrop(program, bcastv4packet2.array());
+        assertDrop(program, bcastv4unicastl2packet.array());
+
+        // Turn off multicast filter and verify it's off
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.setMulticastFilter(false);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        assertPass(program, mcastv4packet.array());
+        assertPass(program, mcastv6packet.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4packet1.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4packet2.array());
+        assertPass(program, bcastv4unicastl2packet.array());
+
+        // Verify it can be initialized to on
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        apfFilter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        assertDrop(program, mcastv4packet.array());
+        assertDrop(program, mcastv6packet.array());
+        assertDrop(program, bcastv4packet1.array());
+        assertDrop(program, bcastv4unicastl2packet.array());
+
+        // Verify that ICMPv6 multicast is not dropped.
+        mcastv6packet.put(IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
+        assertPass(program, mcastv6packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterMulticastPingWhileDozing() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfFilter apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, getDefaultConfig());
+
+        // Construct a multicast ICMPv6 ECHO request.
+        final byte[] multicastIpv6Addr = {(byte)0xff,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,(byte)0xfb};
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        packet.put(IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
+        packet.put(ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET, (byte)ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST_TYPE);
+        put(packet, IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, multicastIpv6Addr);
+
+        // Normally, we let multicast pings alone...
+        assertPass(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), packet.array());
+
+        // ...and even while dozing...
+        apfFilter.setDozeMode(true);
+        assertPass(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), packet.array());
+
+        // ...but when the multicast filter is also enabled, drop the multicast pings to save power.
+        apfFilter.setMulticastFilter(true);
+        assertDrop(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), packet.array());
+
+        // However, we should still let through all other ICMPv6 types.
+        ByteBuffer raPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet.array().clone());
+        raPacket.put(ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET, (byte) NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT);
+        assertPass(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), raPacket.array());
+
+        // Now wake up from doze mode to ensure that we no longer drop the packets.
+        // (The multicast filter is still enabled at this point).
+        apfFilter.setDozeMode(false);
+        assertPass(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilter802_3() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        ApfFilter apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, config);
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify empty packet of 100 zero bytes is passed
+        // Note that eth-type = 0 makes it an IEEE802.3 frame
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty packet with IPv4 is passed
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty IPv6 packet is passed
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Now turn on the filter
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, config);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify that IEEE802.3 frame is dropped
+        // In this case ethtype is used for payload length
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)(100 - 14));
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify that IPv4 (as example of Ethernet II) frame will pass
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify that IPv6 (as example of Ethernet II) frame will pass
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterEthTypeBL() throws Exception {
+        final int[] emptyBlackList = {};
+        final int[] ipv4BlackList = {ETH_P_IP};
+        final int[] ipv4Ipv6BlackList = {ETH_P_IP, ETH_P_IPV6};
+
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        ApfFilter apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, config);
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify empty packet of 100 zero bytes is passed
+        // Note that eth-type = 0 makes it an IEEE802.3 frame
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty packet with IPv4 is passed
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify empty IPv6 packet is passed
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Now add IPv4 to the black list
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+        config.ethTypeBlackList = ipv4BlackList;
+        apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, config);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify that IPv4 frame will be dropped
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify that IPv6 frame will pass
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Now let us have both IPv4 and IPv6 in the black list
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+        config.ethTypeBlackList = ipv4Ipv6BlackList;
+        apfFilter = setupApfFilter(ipClientCallback, config);
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        // Verify that IPv4 frame will be dropped
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IP);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        // Verify that IPv6 frame will be dropped
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    private byte[] getProgram(MockIpClientCallback cb, ApfFilter filter, LinkProperties lp) {
+        cb.resetApfProgramWait();
+        filter.setLinkProperties(lp);
+        return cb.getApfProgram();
+    }
+
+    private void verifyArpFilter(byte[] program, int filterResult) {
+        // Verify ARP request packet
+        assertPass(program, arpRequestBroadcast(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR));
+        assertVerdict(filterResult, program, arpRequestBroadcast(ANOTHER_IPV4_ADDR));
+        assertDrop(program, arpRequestBroadcast(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+
+        // Verify ARP reply packets from different source ip
+        assertDrop(program, arpReply(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(ANOTHER_IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(BUG_PROBE_SOURCE_ADDR1, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(BUG_PROBE_SOURCE_ADDR2, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+
+        // Verify unicast ARP reply packet is always accepted.
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR, MOCK_IPV4_ADDR));
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR, ANOTHER_IPV4_ADDR));
+        assertPass(program, arpReply(IPV4_SOURCE_ADDR, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR));
+
+        // Verify GARP reply packets are always filtered
+        assertDrop(program, garpReply());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterArp() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+
+        // Verify initially ARP request filter is off, and GARP filter is on.
+        verifyArpFilter(ipClientCallback.getApfProgram(), PASS);
+
+        // Inform ApfFilter of our address and verify ARP filtering is on
+        LinkAddress linkAddress = new LinkAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR), 24);
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        assertTrue(lp.addLinkAddress(linkAddress));
+        verifyArpFilter(getProgram(ipClientCallback, apfFilter, lp), DROP);
+
+        // Inform ApfFilter of loss of IP and verify ARP filtering is off
+        verifyArpFilter(getProgram(ipClientCallback, apfFilter, new LinkProperties()), PASS);
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] arpReply(byte[] sip, byte[] tip) {
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_ARP);
+        put(packet, ARP_HEADER_OFFSET, ARP_IPV4_REPLY_HEADER);
+        put(packet, ARP_SOURCE_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET, sip);
+        put(packet, ARP_TARGET_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET, tip);
+        return packet.array();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] arpRequestBroadcast(byte[] tip) {
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_ARP);
+        put(packet, ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        put(packet, ARP_HEADER_OFFSET, ARP_IPV4_REQUEST_HEADER);
+        put(packet, ARP_TARGET_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET, tip);
+        return packet.array();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] garpReply() {
+        ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100]);
+        packet.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_ARP);
+        put(packet, ETH_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET, ETH_BROADCAST_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        put(packet, ARP_HEADER_OFFSET, ARP_IPV4_REPLY_HEADER);
+        put(packet, ARP_TARGET_IP_ADDRESS_OFFSET, IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR);
+        return packet.array();
+    }
+
+    // Verify that the last program pushed to the IpClient.Callback properly filters the
+    // given packet for the given lifetime.
+    private void verifyRaLifetime(byte[] program, ByteBuffer packet, int lifetime) {
+        final int FRACTION_OF_LIFETIME = 6;
+        final int ageLimit = lifetime / FRACTION_OF_LIFETIME;
+
+        // Verify new program should drop RA for 1/6th its lifetime and pass afterwards.
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array(), ageLimit);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array(), ageLimit + 1);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array(), lifetime);
+        // Verify RA checksum is ignored
+        final short originalChecksum = packet.getShort(ICMP6_RA_CHECKSUM_OFFSET);
+        packet.putShort(ICMP6_RA_CHECKSUM_OFFSET, (short)12345);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.putShort(ICMP6_RA_CHECKSUM_OFFSET, (short)-12345);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.putShort(ICMP6_RA_CHECKSUM_OFFSET, originalChecksum);
+
+        // Verify other changes to RA make it not match filter
+        final byte originalFirstByte = packet.get(0);
+        packet.put(0, (byte)-1);
+        assertPass(program, packet.array());
+        packet.put(0, (byte)0);
+        assertDrop(program, packet.array());
+        packet.put(0, originalFirstByte);
+    }
+
+    // Test that when ApfFilter is shown the given packet, it generates a program to filter it
+    // for the given lifetime.
+    private void verifyRaLifetime(TestApfFilter apfFilter, MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback,
+            ByteBuffer packet, int lifetime) throws IOException, ErrnoException {
+        // Verify new program generated if ApfFilter witnesses RA
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.pretendPacketReceived(packet.array());
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, packet, lifetime);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyRaEvent(RaEvent expected) {
+        ArgumentCaptor<IpConnectivityLog.Event> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IpConnectivityLog.Event.class);
+        verify(mLog, atLeastOnce()).log(captor.capture());
+        RaEvent got = lastRaEvent(captor.getAllValues());
+        if (!raEventEquals(expected, got)) {
+            assertEquals(expected, got);  // fail for printing an assertion error message.
+        }
+    }
+
+    private RaEvent lastRaEvent(List<IpConnectivityLog.Event> events) {
+        RaEvent got = null;
+        for (Parcelable ev : events) {
+            if (ev instanceof RaEvent) {
+                got = (RaEvent) ev;
+            }
+        }
+        return got;
+    }
+
+    private boolean raEventEquals(RaEvent ev1, RaEvent ev2) {
+        return (ev1 != null) && (ev2 != null)
+                && (ev1.routerLifetime == ev2.routerLifetime)
+                && (ev1.prefixValidLifetime == ev2.prefixValidLifetime)
+                && (ev1.prefixPreferredLifetime == ev2.prefixPreferredLifetime)
+                && (ev1.routeInfoLifetime == ev2.routeInfoLifetime)
+                && (ev1.rdnssLifetime == ev2.rdnssLifetime)
+                && (ev1.dnsslLifetime == ev2.dnsslLifetime);
+    }
+
+    private void assertInvalidRa(TestApfFilter apfFilter, MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback,
+            ByteBuffer packet) throws IOException, ErrnoException {
+        ipClientCallback.resetApfProgramWait();
+        apfFilter.pretendPacketReceived(packet.array());
+        ipClientCallback.assertNoProgramUpdate();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testApfFilterRa() throws Exception {
+        MockIpClientCallback ipClientCallback = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, ipClientCallback, mLog);
+        byte[] program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+
+        final int ROUTER_LIFETIME = 1000;
+        final int PREFIX_VALID_LIFETIME = 200;
+        final int PREFIX_PREFERRED_LIFETIME = 100;
+        final int RDNSS_LIFETIME  = 300;
+        final int ROUTE_LIFETIME  = 400;
+        // Note that lifetime of 2000 will be ignored in favor of shorter route lifetime of 1000.
+        final int DNSSL_LIFETIME  = 2000;
+        final int VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL_OFFSET = ETH_HEADER_LEN;
+        // IPv6, traffic class = 0, flow label = 0x12345
+        final int VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL = 0x60012345;
+
+        // Verify RA is passed the first time
+        ByteBuffer basePacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET]);
+        basePacket.putShort(ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET, (short)ETH_P_IPV6);
+        basePacket.putInt(VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL_OFFSET,
+                VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL);
+        basePacket.put(IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET, (byte)IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
+        basePacket.put(ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET, (byte)ICMP6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT);
+        basePacket.putShort(ICMP6_RA_ROUTER_LIFETIME_OFFSET, (short)ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+        basePacket.position(IPV6_DEST_ADDR_OFFSET);
+        basePacket.put(IPV6_ALL_NODES_ADDRESS);
+        assertPass(program, basePacket.array());
+
+        verifyRaLifetime(apfFilter, ipClientCallback, basePacket, ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaEvent(new RaEvent(ROUTER_LIFETIME, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1));
+
+        ByteBuffer newFlowLabelPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        newFlowLabelPacket.put(basePacket);
+        // Check that changes are ignored in every byte of the flow label.
+        newFlowLabelPacket.putInt(VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL_OFFSET,
+                VERSION_TRAFFIC_CLASS_FLOW_LABEL + 0x11111);
+
+        // Ensure zero-length options cause the packet to be silently skipped.
+        // Do this before we test other packets. http://b/29586253
+        ByteBuffer zeroLengthOptionPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(
+                new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        zeroLengthOptionPacket.put(basePacket);
+        zeroLengthOptionPacket.put((byte)ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_TYPE);
+        zeroLengthOptionPacket.put((byte)0);
+        assertInvalidRa(apfFilter, ipClientCallback, zeroLengthOptionPacket);
+
+        // Generate several RAs with different options and lifetimes, and verify when
+        // ApfFilter is shown these packets, it generates programs to filter them for the
+        // appropriate lifetime.
+        ByteBuffer prefixOptionPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(
+                new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_LEN]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        prefixOptionPacket.put(basePacket);
+        prefixOptionPacket.put((byte)ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_TYPE);
+        prefixOptionPacket.put((byte)(ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_LEN / 8));
+        prefixOptionPacket.putInt(
+                ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_PREFERRED_LIFETIME_OFFSET,
+                PREFIX_PREFERRED_LIFETIME);
+        prefixOptionPacket.putInt(
+                ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_PREFIX_OPTION_VALID_LIFETIME_OFFSET,
+                PREFIX_VALID_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(
+                apfFilter, ipClientCallback, prefixOptionPacket, PREFIX_PREFERRED_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaEvent(new RaEvent(
+                ROUTER_LIFETIME, PREFIX_VALID_LIFETIME, PREFIX_PREFERRED_LIFETIME, -1, -1, -1));
+
+        ByteBuffer rdnssOptionPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(
+                new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        rdnssOptionPacket.put(basePacket);
+        rdnssOptionPacket.put((byte)ICMP6_RDNSS_OPTION_TYPE);
+        rdnssOptionPacket.put((byte)(ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN / 8));
+        rdnssOptionPacket.putInt(
+                ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_LIFETIME_OFFSET, RDNSS_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(apfFilter, ipClientCallback, rdnssOptionPacket, RDNSS_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaEvent(new RaEvent(ROUTER_LIFETIME, -1, -1, -1, RDNSS_LIFETIME, -1));
+
+        ByteBuffer routeInfoOptionPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(
+                new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        routeInfoOptionPacket.put(basePacket);
+        routeInfoOptionPacket.put((byte)ICMP6_ROUTE_INFO_OPTION_TYPE);
+        routeInfoOptionPacket.put((byte)(ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN / 8));
+        routeInfoOptionPacket.putInt(
+                ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_LIFETIME_OFFSET, ROUTE_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(apfFilter, ipClientCallback, routeInfoOptionPacket, ROUTE_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaEvent(new RaEvent(ROUTER_LIFETIME, -1, -1, ROUTE_LIFETIME, -1, -1));
+
+        ByteBuffer dnsslOptionPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(
+                new byte[ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN]);
+        basePacket.clear();
+        dnsslOptionPacket.put(basePacket);
+        dnsslOptionPacket.put((byte)ICMP6_DNSSL_OPTION_TYPE);
+        dnsslOptionPacket.put((byte)(ICMP6_4_BYTE_OPTION_LEN / 8));
+        dnsslOptionPacket.putInt(
+                ICMP6_RA_OPTION_OFFSET + ICMP6_4_BYTE_LIFETIME_OFFSET, DNSSL_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(apfFilter, ipClientCallback, dnsslOptionPacket, ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaEvent(new RaEvent(ROUTER_LIFETIME, -1, -1, -1, -1, DNSSL_LIFETIME));
+
+        // Verify that current program filters all five RAs:
+        program = ipClientCallback.getApfProgram();
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, basePacket, ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, newFlowLabelPacket, ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, prefixOptionPacket, PREFIX_PREFERRED_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, rdnssOptionPacket, RDNSS_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, routeInfoOptionPacket, ROUTE_LIFETIME);
+        verifyRaLifetime(program, dnsslOptionPacket, ROUTER_LIFETIME);
+
+        apfFilter.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stage a file for testing, i.e. make it native accessible. Given a resource ID,
+     * copy that resource into the app's data directory and return the path to it.
+     */
+    private String stageFile(int rawId) throws Exception {
+        File file = new File(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext().getFilesDir(), "staged_file");
+        new File(file.getParent()).mkdirs();
+        InputStream in = null;
+        OutputStream out = null;
+        try {
+            in = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext().getResources().openRawResource(rawId);
+            out = new FileOutputStream(file);
+            Streams.copy(in, out);
+        } finally {
+            if (in != null) in.close();
+            if (out != null) out.close();
+        }
+        return file.getAbsolutePath();
+    }
+
+    private static void put(ByteBuffer buffer, int position, byte[] bytes) {
+        final int original = buffer.position();
+        buffer.position(position);
+        buffer.put(bytes);
+        buffer.position(original);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRaParsing() throws Exception {
+        final int maxRandomPacketSize = 512;
+        final Random r = new Random();
+        MockIpClientCallback cb = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, cb, mLog);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            byte[] packet = new byte[r.nextInt(maxRandomPacketSize + 1)];
+            r.nextBytes(packet);
+            try {
+                apfFilter.new Ra(packet, packet.length);
+            } catch (ApfFilter.InvalidRaException e) {
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                throw new Exception("bad packet: " + HexDump.toHexString(packet), e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRaProcessing() throws Exception {
+        final int maxRandomPacketSize = 512;
+        final Random r = new Random();
+        MockIpClientCallback cb = new MockIpClientCallback();
+        ApfConfiguration config = getDefaultConfig();
+        config.multicastFilter = DROP_MULTICAST;
+        config.ieee802_3Filter = DROP_802_3_FRAMES;
+        TestApfFilter apfFilter = new TestApfFilter(mContext, config, cb, mLog);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            byte[] packet = new byte[r.nextInt(maxRandomPacketSize + 1)];
+            r.nextBytes(packet);
+            try {
+                apfFilter.processRa(packet, packet.length);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                throw new Exception("bad packet: " + HexDump.toHexString(packet), e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Call the APF interpreter to run {@code program} on {@code packet} with persistent memory
+     * segment {@data} pretending the filter was installed {@code filter_age} seconds ago.
+     */
+    private native static int apfSimulate(byte[] program, byte[] packet, byte[] data,
+        int filter_age);
+
+    /**
+     * Compile a tcpdump human-readable filter (e.g. "icmp" or "tcp port 54") into a BPF
+     * prorgam and return a human-readable dump of the BPF program identical to "tcpdump -d".
+     */
+    private native static String compileToBpf(String filter);
+
+    /**
+     * Open packet capture file {@code pcap_filename} and filter the packets using tcpdump
+     * human-readable filter (e.g. "icmp" or "tcp port 54") compiled to a BPF program and
+     * at the same time using APF program {@code apf_program}.  Return {@code true} if
+     * both APF and BPF programs filter out exactly the same packets.
+     */
+    private native static boolean compareBpfApf(String filter, String pcap_filename,
+            byte[] apf_program);
+
+
+    /**
+     * Open packet capture file {@code pcapFilename} and run it through APF filter. Then
+     * checks whether all the packets are dropped and populates data[] {@code data} with
+     * the APF counters.
+     */
+    private native static boolean dropsAllPackets(byte[] program, byte[] data, String pcapFilename);
+
+    @Test
+    public void testBroadcastAddress() throws Exception {
+        assertEqualsIp("255.255.255.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR, 0));
+        assertEqualsIp("0.0.0.0", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR, 32));
+        assertEqualsIp("0.0.3.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR, 22));
+        assertEqualsIp("0.255.255.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(IPV4_ANY_HOST_ADDR, 8));
+
+        assertEqualsIp("255.255.255.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR, 0));
+        assertEqualsIp("10.0.0.1", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR, 32));
+        assertEqualsIp("10.0.0.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR, 24));
+        assertEqualsIp("10.0.255.255", ApfFilter.ipv4BroadcastAddress(MOCK_IPV4_ADDR, 16));
+    }
+
+    public void assertEqualsIp(String expected, int got) throws Exception {
+        int want = bytesToBEInt(InetAddress.getByName(expected).getAddress());
+        assertEquals(want, got);
+    }
+}