path: root/tests/vcn/java/com/android/server/VcnManagementServiceTest.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.android.server;

import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED;
import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;

import static com.android.server.vcn.TelephonySubscriptionTracker.TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot;
import static com.android.server.vcn.TelephonySubscriptionTracker.TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback;
import static com.android.server.vcn.VcnTestUtils.setupSystemService;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyBoolean;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.argThat;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import android.app.AppOpsManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.LinkProperties;
import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.Transport;
import android.net.TelephonyNetworkSpecifier;
import android.net.vcn.IVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener;
import android.net.vcn.VcnConfig;
import android.net.vcn.VcnConfigTest;
import android.net.vcn.VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.ParcelUuid;
import android.os.PersistableBundle;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.os.test.TestLooper;
import android.telephony.SubscriptionInfo;
import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;

import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import com.android.server.VcnManagementService.VcnSafemodeCallback;
import com.android.server.vcn.TelephonySubscriptionTracker;
import com.android.server.vcn.Vcn;
import com.android.server.vcn.VcnContext;
import com.android.server.vcn.VcnNetworkProvider;
import com.android.server.vcn.util.PersistableBundleUtils;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;

/** Tests for {@link VcnManagementService}. */
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@SmallTest
public class VcnManagementServiceTest {
    private static final String TEST_PACKAGE_NAME =
            VcnManagementServiceTest.class.getPackage().getName();
    private static final ParcelUuid TEST_UUID_1 = new ParcelUuid(new UUID(0, 0));
    private static final ParcelUuid TEST_UUID_2 = new ParcelUuid(new UUID(1, 1));
    private static final VcnConfig TEST_VCN_CONFIG;
    private static final int TEST_UID = Process.FIRST_APPLICATION_UID;

    static {
        final Context mockConfigContext = mock(Context.class);
        doReturn(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME).when(mockConfigContext).getOpPackageName();

        TEST_VCN_CONFIG = VcnConfigTest.buildTestConfig(mockConfigContext);
    }

    private static final Map<ParcelUuid, VcnConfig> TEST_VCN_CONFIG_MAP =
            Collections.unmodifiableMap(Collections.singletonMap(TEST_UUID_1, TEST_VCN_CONFIG));

    private static final int TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID = 1;
    private static final int TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID_2 = 2;
    private static final SubscriptionInfo TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO =
            new SubscriptionInfo(
                    TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID /* id */,
                    "" /* iccId */,
                    0 /* simSlotIndex */,
                    "Carrier" /* displayName */,
                    "Carrier" /* carrierName */,
                    0 /* nameSource */,
                    255 /* iconTint */,
                    "12345" /* number */,
                    0 /* roaming */,
                    null /* icon */,
                    "0" /* mcc */,
                    "0" /* mnc */,
                    "0" /* countryIso */,
                    false /* isEmbedded */,
                    null /* nativeAccessRules */,
                    null /* cardString */,
                    false /* isOpportunistic */,
                    TEST_UUID_1.toString() /* groupUUID */,
                    0 /* carrierId */,
                    0 /* profileClass */);

    private final Context mMockContext = mock(Context.class);
    private final VcnManagementService.Dependencies mMockDeps =
            mock(VcnManagementService.Dependencies.class);
    private final TestLooper mTestLooper = new TestLooper();
    private final ConnectivityManager mConnMgr = mock(ConnectivityManager.class);
    private final TelephonyManager mTelMgr = mock(TelephonyManager.class);
    private final SubscriptionManager mSubMgr = mock(SubscriptionManager.class);
    private final AppOpsManager mAppOpsMgr = mock(AppOpsManager.class);
    private final VcnContext mVcnContext = mock(VcnContext.class);
    private final PersistableBundleUtils.LockingReadWriteHelper mConfigReadWriteHelper =
            mock(PersistableBundleUtils.LockingReadWriteHelper.class);
    private final TelephonySubscriptionTracker mSubscriptionTracker =
            mock(TelephonySubscriptionTracker.class);

    private final ArgumentCaptor<VcnSafemodeCallback> mSafemodeCallbackCaptor =
            ArgumentCaptor.forClass(VcnSafemodeCallback.class);

    private final VcnManagementService mVcnMgmtSvc;

    private final IVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener mMockPolicyListener =
            mock(IVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener.class);
    private final IBinder mMockIBinder = mock(IBinder.class);

    public VcnManagementServiceTest() throws Exception {
        setupSystemService(
                mMockContext, mConnMgr, Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE, ConnectivityManager.class);
        setupSystemService(
                mMockContext, mTelMgr, Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE, TelephonyManager.class);
        setupSystemService(
                mMockContext,
                mSubMgr,
                Context.TELEPHONY_SUBSCRIPTION_SERVICE,
                SubscriptionManager.class);
        setupSystemService(mMockContext, mAppOpsMgr, Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE, AppOpsManager.class);

        doReturn(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME).when(mMockContext).getOpPackageName();

        doReturn(mTestLooper.getLooper()).when(mMockDeps).getLooper();
        doReturn(TEST_UID).when(mMockDeps).getBinderCallingUid();
        doReturn(mVcnContext)
                .when(mMockDeps)
                .newVcnContext(
                        eq(mMockContext),
                        eq(mTestLooper.getLooper()),
                        any(VcnNetworkProvider.class));
        doReturn(mSubscriptionTracker)
                .when(mMockDeps)
                .newTelephonySubscriptionTracker(
                        eq(mMockContext),
                        eq(mTestLooper.getLooper()),
                        any(TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback.class));
        doReturn(mConfigReadWriteHelper)
                .when(mMockDeps)
                .newPersistableBundleLockingReadWriteHelper(any());

        // Setup VCN instance generation
        doAnswer((invocation) -> {
            // Mock-within a doAnswer is safe, because it doesn't actually run nested.
            return mock(Vcn.class);
        }).when(mMockDeps).newVcn(any(), any(), any(), any(), any());

        final PersistableBundle bundle =
                PersistableBundleUtils.fromMap(
                        TEST_VCN_CONFIG_MAP,
                        PersistableBundleUtils::fromParcelUuid,
                        VcnConfig::toPersistableBundle);
        doReturn(bundle).when(mConfigReadWriteHelper).readFromDisk();

        setupMockedCarrierPrivilege(true);
        mVcnMgmtSvc = new VcnManagementService(mMockContext, mMockDeps);

        doReturn(mMockIBinder).when(mMockPolicyListener).asBinder();

        // Make sure the profiles are loaded.
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
    }

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        doNothing()
                .when(mMockContext)
                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                        eq(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY), any());
    }

    private void setupMockedCarrierPrivilege(boolean isPrivileged) {
        doReturn(Collections.singletonList(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO))
                .when(mSubMgr)
                .getSubscriptionsInGroup(any());
        doReturn(isPrivileged)
                .when(mTelMgr)
                .hasCarrierPrivileges(eq(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO.getSubscriptionId()));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSystemReady() throws Exception {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.systemReady();

        verify(mConnMgr).registerNetworkProvider(any(VcnNetworkProvider.class));
        verify(mSubscriptionTracker).register();
    }

    @Test
    public void testNonSystemServerRealConfigFileAccessPermission() throws Exception {
        // Attempt to build a real instance of the dependencies, and verify we cannot write to the
        // file.
        VcnManagementService.Dependencies deps = new VcnManagementService.Dependencies();
        PersistableBundleUtils.LockingReadWriteHelper configReadWriteHelper =
                deps.newPersistableBundleLockingReadWriteHelper(
                        VcnManagementService.VCN_CONFIG_FILE);

        // Even tests should not be able to read/write configs from disk; SELinux policies restrict
        // it to only the system server.
        // Reading config should always return null since the file "does not exist", and writing
        // should throw an IOException.
        assertNull(configReadWriteHelper.readFromDisk());

        try {
            configReadWriteHelper.writeToDisk(new PersistableBundle());
            fail("Expected IOException due to SELinux policy");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException expected) {
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoadVcnConfigsOnStartup() throws Exception {
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();

        assertEquals(TEST_VCN_CONFIG_MAP, mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs());
        verify(mConfigReadWriteHelper).readFromDisk();
    }

    private TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(
            Set<ParcelUuid> activeSubscriptionGroups) {
        return triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(
                activeSubscriptionGroups, Collections.emptyMap());
    }

    private TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(
            Set<ParcelUuid> activeSubscriptionGroups, Map<Integer, ParcelUuid> subIdToGroupMap) {
        final TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot snapshot = mock(TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot.class);
        doReturn(activeSubscriptionGroups).when(snapshot).getActiveSubscriptionGroups();

        final Set<String> privilegedPackages =
                (activeSubscriptionGroups == null || activeSubscriptionGroups.isEmpty())
                        ? Collections.emptySet()
                        : Collections.singleton(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        doReturn(true)
                .when(snapshot)
                .packageHasPermissionsForSubscriptionGroup(
                        argThat(val -> activeSubscriptionGroups.contains(val)),
                        eq(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME));

        doAnswer(invocation -> {
            return subIdToGroupMap.get(invocation.getArgument(0));
        }).when(snapshot).getGroupForSubId(anyInt());

        final TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback cb = getTelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback();
        cb.onNewSnapshot(snapshot);

        return snapshot;
    }

    private TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback getTelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback() {
        final ArgumentCaptor<TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback> captor =
                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback.class);
        verify(mMockDeps)
                .newTelephonySubscriptionTracker(
                        eq(mMockContext), eq(mTestLooper.getLooper()), captor.capture());
        return captor.getValue();
    }

    private Vcn startAndGetVcnInstance(ParcelUuid uuid) {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(uuid, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        return mVcnMgmtSvc.getAllVcns().get(uuid);
    }

    @Test
    public void testTelephonyNetworkTrackerCallbackStartsInstances() throws Exception {
        TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot snapshot =
                triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.singleton(TEST_UUID_1));
        verify(mMockDeps)
                .newVcn(eq(mVcnContext), eq(TEST_UUID_1), eq(TEST_VCN_CONFIG), eq(snapshot), any());
    }

    @Test
    public void testTelephonyNetworkTrackerCallbackStopsInstances() throws Exception {
        final TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback cb = getTelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback();
        final Vcn vcn = startAndGetVcnInstance(TEST_UUID_2);
        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.emptySet());

        // Verify teardown after delay
        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS);
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
        verify(vcn).teardownAsynchronously();
        verify(mMockPolicyListener).onPolicyChanged();
    }

    @Test
    public void testTelephonyNetworkTrackerCallbackSimSwitchesDoNotKillVcnInstances()
            throws Exception {
        final TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback cb = getTelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback();
        final Vcn vcn = startAndGetVcnInstance(TEST_UUID_2);

        // Simulate SIM unloaded
        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.emptySet());

        // Simulate new SIM loaded right during teardown delay.
        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(
                VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS / 2);
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.singleton(TEST_UUID_2));

        // Verify that even after the full timeout duration, the VCN instance is not torn down
        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS);
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
        verify(vcn, never()).teardownAsynchronously();
    }

    @Test
    public void testTelephonyNetworkTrackerCallbackDoesNotKillNewVcnInstances() throws Exception {
        final TelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback cb = getTelephonySubscriptionTrackerCallback();
        final Vcn oldInstance = startAndGetVcnInstance(TEST_UUID_2);

        // Simulate SIM unloaded
        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.emptySet());

        // Config cleared, SIM reloaded & config re-added right before teardown delay, staring new
        // vcnInstance.
        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(
                VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS / 2);
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
        mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2);
        final Vcn newInstance = startAndGetVcnInstance(TEST_UUID_2);

        // Verify that new instance was different, and the old one was torn down
        assertTrue(oldInstance != newInstance);
        verify(oldInstance).teardownAsynchronously();

        // Verify that even after the full timeout duration, the new VCN instance is not torn down
        mTestLooper.moveTimeForward(VcnManagementService.CARRIER_PRIVILEGES_LOST_TEARDOWN_DELAY_MS);
        mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
        verify(newInstance, never()).teardownAsynchronously();
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfigRequiresNonSystemServer() throws Exception {
        doReturn(Process.SYSTEM_UID).when(mMockDeps).getBinderCallingUid();

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
            fail("Expected IllegalStateException exception for system server");
        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfigRequiresSystemUser() throws Exception {
        doReturn(UserHandle.getUid(UserHandle.MIN_SECONDARY_USER_ID, TEST_UID))
                .when(mMockDeps)
                .getBinderCallingUid();

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
            fail("Expected security exception for non system user");
        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
            verify(mMockPolicyListener, never()).onPolicyChanged();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfigRequiresCarrierPrivileges() throws Exception {
        setupMockedCarrierPrivilege(false);

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
            fail("Expected security exception for missing carrier privileges");
        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
            verify(mMockPolicyListener, never()).onPolicyChanged();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfigMismatchedPackages() throws Exception {
        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, "IncorrectPackage");
            fail("Expected exception due to mismatched packages in config and method call");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
            verify(mMockPolicyListener, never()).onPolicyChanged();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfig() throws Exception {
        // Use a different UUID to simulate a new VCN config.
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        assertEquals(TEST_VCN_CONFIG, mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs().get(TEST_UUID_2));
        verify(mConfigReadWriteHelper).writeToDisk(any(PersistableBundle.class));
    }

    @Test
    public void testClearVcnConfigRequiresNonSystemServer() throws Exception {
        doReturn(Process.SYSTEM_UID).when(mMockDeps).getBinderCallingUid();

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1);
            fail("Expected IllegalStateException exception for system server");
        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testClearVcnConfigRequiresSystemUser() throws Exception {
        doReturn(UserHandle.getUid(UserHandle.MIN_SECONDARY_USER_ID, TEST_UID))
                .when(mMockDeps)
                .getBinderCallingUid();

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1);
            fail("Expected security exception for non system user");
        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testClearVcnConfigRequiresCarrierPrivileges() throws Exception {
        setupMockedCarrierPrivilege(false);

        try {
            mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1);
            fail("Expected security exception for missing carrier privileges");
        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testClearVcnConfig() throws Exception {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_1);
        assertTrue(mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs().isEmpty());
        verify(mConfigReadWriteHelper).writeToDisk(any(PersistableBundle.class));
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetVcnConfigClearVcnConfigStartsUpdatesAndTeardsDownVcns() throws Exception {
        // Use a different UUID to simulate a new VCN config.
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        final Map<ParcelUuid, Vcn> vcnInstances = mVcnMgmtSvc.getAllVcns();
        final Vcn vcnInstance = vcnInstances.get(TEST_UUID_2);
        assertEquals(1, vcnInstances.size());
        assertEquals(TEST_VCN_CONFIG, mVcnMgmtSvc.getConfigs().get(TEST_UUID_2));
        verify(mConfigReadWriteHelper).writeToDisk(any(PersistableBundle.class));

        // Verify Vcn is started
        verify(mMockDeps)
                .newVcn(
                        eq(mVcnContext),
                        eq(TEST_UUID_2),
                        eq(TEST_VCN_CONFIG),
                        eq(TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot.EMPTY_SNAPSHOT),
                        any());

        // Verify Vcn is updated if it was previously started
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        verify(vcnInstance).updateConfig(TEST_VCN_CONFIG);

        // Verify Vcn is stopped if it was already started
        mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2);
        verify(vcnInstance).teardownAsynchronously();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener() throws Exception {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        verify(mMockIBinder).linkToDeath(any(), anyInt());
    }

    @Test(expected = SecurityException.class)
    public void testAddVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListenerInvalidPermission() {
        doThrow(new SecurityException())
                .when(mMockContext)
                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                        eq(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY), any());

        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener() {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        mVcnMgmtSvc.removeVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListenerNeverRegistered() {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.removeVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);
    }

    private void setUpVcnSubscription(int subId, ParcelUuid subGroup) {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(subGroup, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);

        triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(
                Collections.singleton(subGroup), Collections.singletonMap(subId, subGroup));
    }

    private void verifyMergedNetworkCapabilities(
            NetworkCapabilities mergedCapabilities,
            @Transport int transportType,
            boolean isVcnManaged,
            boolean isRestricted) {
        assertTrue(mergedCapabilities.hasTransport(transportType));
        assertEquals(
                !isVcnManaged,
                mergedCapabilities.hasCapability(
                        NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED));
        assertEquals(
                !isRestricted,
                mergedCapabilities.hasCapability(
                        NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED));
    }

    private void setupSubscriptionAndStartVcn(int subId, ParcelUuid subGrp, boolean isVcnActive) {
        setUpVcnSubscription(subId, subGrp);
        final Vcn vcn = startAndGetVcnInstance(subGrp);
        doReturn(isVcnActive).when(vcn).isActive();
    }

    private VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy startVcnAndGetPolicyForTransport(
            int subId, ParcelUuid subGrp, boolean isVcnActive, int transport) {
        setupSubscriptionAndStartVcn(subId, subGrp, isVcnActive);

        final NetworkCapabilities.Builder ncBuilder = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder();
        ncBuilder.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED);
        if (transport == TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) {
            ncBuilder
                    .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
                    .setNetworkSpecifier(new TelephonyNetworkSpecifier(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID));
        } else if (transport == TRANSPORT_WIFI) {
            WifiInfo wifiInfo = mock(WifiInfo.class);
            when(wifiInfo.makeCopy(anyBoolean())).thenReturn(wifiInfo);
            when(mMockDeps.getSubIdForWifiInfo(eq(wifiInfo))).thenReturn(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);

            ncBuilder
                    .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                    .setTransportInfo(wifiInfo);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown transport");
        }

        return mVcnMgmtSvc.getUnderlyingNetworkPolicy(ncBuilder.build(), new LinkProperties());
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyCellular() throws Exception {
        final VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy policy =
                startVcnAndGetPolicyForTransport(
                        TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID, TEST_UUID_2, true /* isActive */, TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);

        assertFalse(policy.isTeardownRequested());
        verifyMergedNetworkCapabilities(
                policy.getMergedNetworkCapabilities(),
                TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
                true /* isVcnManaged */,
                false /* isRestricted */);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyCellular_safeMode() throws Exception {
        final VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy policy =
                startVcnAndGetPolicyForTransport(
                        TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID,
                        TEST_UUID_2,
                        false /* isActive */,
                        TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);

        assertFalse(policy.isTeardownRequested());
        verifyMergedNetworkCapabilities(
                policy.getMergedNetworkCapabilities(),
                NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
                false /* isVcnManaged */,
                false /* isRestricted */);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyWifi() throws Exception {
        final VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy policy =
                startVcnAndGetPolicyForTransport(
                        TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID, TEST_UUID_2, true /* isActive */, TRANSPORT_WIFI);

        assertFalse(policy.isTeardownRequested());
        verifyMergedNetworkCapabilities(
                policy.getMergedNetworkCapabilities(),
                NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI,
                true /* isVcnManaged */,
                true /* isRestricted */);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyVcnWifi_safeMode() throws Exception {
        final VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy policy =
                startVcnAndGetPolicyForTransport(
                        TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID, TEST_UUID_2, false /* isActive */, TRANSPORT_WIFI);

        assertFalse(policy.isTeardownRequested());
        verifyMergedNetworkCapabilities(
                policy.getMergedNetworkCapabilities(),
                NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI,
                false /* isVcnManaged */,
                true /* isRestricted */);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyNonVcnNetwork() throws Exception {
        setupSubscriptionAndStartVcn(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID, TEST_UUID_1, true /* isActive */);

        NetworkCapabilities nc =
                new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
                        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
                        .setNetworkSpecifier(new TelephonyNetworkSpecifier(TEST_SUBSCRIPTION_ID_2))
                        .build();

        VcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicy policy =
                mVcnMgmtSvc.getUnderlyingNetworkPolicy(nc, new LinkProperties());

        assertFalse(policy.isTeardownRequested());
        assertEquals(nc, policy.getMergedNetworkCapabilities());
    }

    @Test(expected = SecurityException.class)
    public void testGetUnderlyingNetworkPolicyInvalidPermission() {
        doThrow(new SecurityException())
                .when(mMockContext)
                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                        eq(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY), any());

        mVcnMgmtSvc.getUnderlyingNetworkPolicy(new NetworkCapabilities(), new LinkProperties());
    }

    @Test
    public void testSubscriptionSnapshotUpdateNotifiesVcn() {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        final Map<ParcelUuid, Vcn> vcnInstances = mVcnMgmtSvc.getAllVcns();
        final Vcn vcnInstance = vcnInstances.get(TEST_UUID_2);

        TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot snapshot =
                triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.singleton(TEST_UUID_2));

        verify(vcnInstance).updateSubscriptionSnapshot(eq(snapshot));
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddNewVcnUpdatesPolicyListener() throws Exception {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);

        verify(mMockPolicyListener).onPolicyChanged();
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveVcnUpdatesPolicyListener() throws Exception {
        mVcnMgmtSvc.setVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2, TEST_VCN_CONFIG, TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        mVcnMgmtSvc.clearVcnConfig(TEST_UUID_2);

        verify(mMockPolicyListener).onPolicyChanged();
    }

    @Test
    public void testVcnSafemodeCallbackOnEnteredSafemode() throws Exception {
        TelephonySubscriptionSnapshot snapshot =
                triggerSubscriptionTrackerCbAndGetSnapshot(Collections.singleton(TEST_UUID_1));
        verify(mMockDeps)
                .newVcn(
                        eq(mVcnContext),
                        eq(TEST_UUID_1),
                        eq(TEST_VCN_CONFIG),
                        eq(snapshot),
                        mSafemodeCallbackCaptor.capture());

        mVcnMgmtSvc.addVcnUnderlyingNetworkPolicyListener(mMockPolicyListener);

        VcnSafemodeCallback safemodeCallback = mSafemodeCallbackCaptor.getValue();
        safemodeCallback.onEnteredSafemode();

        assertFalse(mVcnMgmtSvc.getAllVcns().get(TEST_UUID_1).isActive());
        verify(mMockPolicyListener).onPolicyChanged();
    }
}